STAGE V DIESEL ENGINES – TURF EQUIPMENT

STAGE V Regulation (EU) 2016/1628 – Non-Road Mobile Equipment Application

The European emissions standards, commonly referred to as "EU Stage V", will apply to engines installed in off-road mobile equipment, as stipulated according to engine output. These EU Stage V tandards will also be applicable to diesel engines with an output range of less than 19 kW, which were reviously not targeted by the existing standards. For models with an output of 19 kW and more, the permitted values for NOx and PM (Particulate Matter) emissions are one level stricter than previous standards. In addition, new PN (Particle Number) standards have also been set making the new emissions standards generally the strictest in the world.

With this regulation in place, all diesel powered turf equipment is impacted!

Why are PM and NOx critical components?

PMNOx

ALSO KNOWN AS

Particulate Matter, airborne particles such as soot, smoke

Nitrogen Oxide (NO),
Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)

WHAT IS IT?

Unburned Hydrocarbons (fuel)

Molecule that is created in the combustion process

WHAT CAUSES IT?
  • Low combustion temperature
  • Low oxygen level during combustion
  • Low combustion pressure
  • High combustion temperature
  • High oxygen level during combustion
  • High combustion pressure

WHY IS IT A REGULATED EMISSION?
  • Soot particles are very small and get trapped in the lungs
  • Associated as a cause of cancer

NOx molecules attach to other elements in the atmosphere and produces smog

Also regulated in engine above 19 kW
PN – Particle Number. Regulates the number of particulates contained within a mass unit of emissions; separate from the existing PM

For John Deere turf equipment there are two power categories, that require different engine technology:

  • Category between 8 and 19 kW

    • Our modern engines meet the newly imposed emissions standards for the under 19 kW range with no after-treatment devices needed.
    Category between 8 and 19 kW

  • Category between 19 and 56 kW

    • Direct injection to create clean-burning power
    • Common rail system to allow fine-tuned electronic control of fuel injection – Fully-electronic control to provide total intelligent engine control
    • Cooled EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation) to reduce nitrogen oxides (NOx)
    • Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) to catch particulate matter (PM) in the exhaust gas
    • Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC) to reduce the amount of CO (carbon monoxide)
    • Fuel cooler for better fuel efficiency
    Category between 19 and 56 kW

Engine technology – The technical challenge

This trade-off requires modern engine technology and, above 19 kW, after-treatment devices.

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To reduce PM, it needs:

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To reduce PM, it needs:

  • increase in oxygen level
  • high combustion temperature
  • increased combustion pressure
  • advanced engine timing
stage 5stage 5stage 5

To reduce NOx, it needs:

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To reduce NOx, it needs:

  • lower oxygen level
  • lower combustion temperature
  • lower combustion pressure
  • retard engine timing

Regulations for diesel engines in the turf range

Regulation diversify by power category

ENGINE POWER – kW

0 < P < 8

8 ≤ P < 19

19 ≤ P < 37

37 ≤ P < 56

ENGINE POWER – hp

< 10.7

10.7 ≤ P < 25.5

25.5 ≤ P < 50

50 ≤ P < 75.1

CO – g/kWh (g/hph)

8.00 (6.00)

6.60 (4.90)

5.00 (3.70)

5.00 (3.70)

NMHC+NOx – g/kWh (g/hph)

≤ 7.50 (5.60)

≤ 7.50 (5.60)

≤ 4.70 (3.50)

≤ 4.70 (3.50)

PM – g/kWh (g/hph)

0.40 (0.30)

0.40 (0.30)

0.015 (0.011)

0.015 (0.011)

PN – #/kWh

1×1012

1×1012

Detailed information about John Deere turf equipment can be obtained from your John Deere Dealer.